Menstrual cycle disorders (MSCs) are a symptom of many gynecological and endocrine diseases, as well as a consequence of the pathology of some internal organs. On average, the duration of a woman's menstrual cycle (it should be counted from the beginning of the first day of menstruation to the beginning of the first day of the next one) ranges from 21 to 34 days. Single changes in cycle duration are not considered a violation. The NMC is indicated by a prolonged reduction in the cycle by less than 21 days or, conversely, a prolonged increase of more than 40 days. A violation of the cycle can also be manifested by a temporary cessation of menstruation or excessive bleeding.
Causes of cycle disruption
A woman's menstrual cycle is regulated by a multitude of hormones synthesized primarily by the pituitary gland and ovaries. The following have the greatest effect on the cycle: LH (luteinizing), FSH (follicle-stimulating), estradiol, progesterone, prolactin.
The most common causes of cycle disruption are:
- Pathologies of endocrine organs: pituitary gland, hypothalamus, ovaries, thyroid gland, adrenal glands;
- taking the following medications: containing hormones that affect blood clotting, antidepressants, tranquilizers;
- operations performed in the uterine cavity and on the ovaries, installation of an intrauterine device;
- pathologies of the hematopoietic system, liver diseases, inflammatory processes in the reproductive organs;
- polycystic ovary syndrome;
- endometriosis;
- emotional and physical overexertion;
- various strict diets.
What are the consequences of a cycle disruption?
With NMC, it is difficult to plan pregnancy, since ovulation occurs constantly at different times. An imbalance of hormones can cause a lack of egg maturation and, consequently, infertility. Frequent and heavy bleeding can be the cause of anemia and dyscirculatory dystonia, accompanied by low blood pressure.
How to identify the causes of cycle disruption?
To clarify the diagnosis, the patient is prescribed the following examinations::
- Blood and urine tests (general and biochemical);
- coagulogram (assessment of blood clotting);
- determination of the concentration of blood hormones;
- examination for infections (swab from the urogenital tract for PCR or microbiological examination);
Ultrasound of the uterus, ovaries and adjacent organs, thyroid gland, as well as abdominal organs.
If diseases of the hypothalamus or pituitary gland are suspected, an X-ray of the brain is performed. For a detailed examination of the condition of the inner layer of the uterus, the doctor may prescribe a hysteroscopy. In some cases, diagnostic curettage of the uterine cavity is performed, and the resulting material is sent for histological examination.
Treatment of cycle disorders
To correct the NMC, first of all, the causes that caused it are eliminated. Hormonal drugs are often used, and in the presence of an inflammatory process, antibiotics are used. If conservative methods are ineffective, curettage of the uterine cavity can be performed, and in the most extreme cases, removal of the uterus.
Prevention
For the prevention of NMC, it is recommended to timely correct the diseases that cause them, avoid stress, and physical overexertion. Exhausting diets should be used with caution and sufficient amounts of foods rich in protein, vitamins, iron and other trace elements should be consumed. On sports, a boosted welcome can present 125% up to €125 to jump-start your first betting week. Enter the promo code for 1xbet bangladesh in the middle of registration so the higher percentage applies before you fund the account. Many versions require accumulator wagering with 3+ selections at odds 1.40+, plus a bonus rollover around x5. Build smaller tickets, keep a consistent stake like €2–€5, and never chase losses—bonuses work best with discipline.